Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints.  This inflammation causes pain in one or more joints and may limit movement.  There are over 100 forms of arthritis.  However, osteoarthritis is the most common form of the disease.  It affects nearly 21 million Americans.  The majority of people over age 65 have some degree of osteoarthritis. In a healthy joint, a substance called cartilage is present that acts as a cushion or “shock absorber” between connecting bones.  Osteoarthritis is the result of the breakdown of joint cartilage. This causes problems when the cartilage becomes so thin that bone ends rub together during joint movement.  The exact cause of osteoarthritis is unknown, but it is thought to be due to one or more of the following factors:

• Obesity
• Joint Injury
• Muscle Weakness
• Aging
• Heredity    

Which joints are commonly affected by osteoarthritis?
Arthritis can affect any joint in the body.  The most common joints affected are the fingers, knees and hips.  The weight-bearing joints of your body (hips, knees and feet) are especially susceptible to osteoarthritis if you are overweight.
 
What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis?
The following symptoms are often associated with osteoarthritis:

• Pain in a joint during or after use
• Pain in a joint after a period of rest or inactivity
• Discomfort in a joint soon before or during a change in the weather
• Swelling or stiffness in a joint after use
• Bony lumps on the middle or end joints of your fingers or the base of your thumb
• Loss of joint flexibility

How is it diagnosed?
Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to managing osteoarthritis.  If you are experiencing joint pain or discomfort, talk to your doctor.  Osteoarthritis is often diagnosed based simply on your medical history and symptoms.  More severe forms of osteoarthritis may require x-rays or other imaging scans.

Can osteoarthritis be prevented?
Yes.  In fact, many cases of osteoarthritis can be prevented by simply taking care of your joints when you are young.  The following tips can help you prevent osteoarthritis:

• Lose Weight – If you are overweight, lose weight.  Even small reductions in weight can decrease the weight-bearing burden and prevent osteoarthritis or keep it from getting worse.
• Exercise – Regular exercise strengthens muscles.  Strong muscles take stress off of joints.  
• Use Your Joints Wisely – When lifting heavy objects, use your strongest muscles.  Wear safety equipment when appropriate (like knee or elbow pads).  Practice good posture.